《長部經典》第二 Sāmaññaphalasutta 沙門果經 (DN 2)
第二節 戒律中篇 Majjhimasīlaṃ (The Intermediate Section on Virtue)
1. 遠離採伐
（四十六） 195. “Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni
有某沙門、梵行者，受食信施而生活。
"Whereas some priests and contemplatives, living off food given in faith,
bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ bījagāma bhūtagāma samārambhaṃ anuyuttā viharanti.
專心住於採伐種子、植物，
are addicted to damaging seed and plant life
Seyyathidaṃ – mūlabījaṃ khandhabījaṃ phaḷubījaṃ aggabījaṃ bījabījameva pañcamaṃ,
例如——從根生、從幹生、從節生、從芽生、第五為從種子生者。
such as these -- plants propagated from roots, stems, joints, buddings, and seeds --
iti evarūpā bījagāma bhūtagāma samārambhā paṭivirato hoti.
遠離如是種子、樹木之採伐。
he abstains from damaging seed and plant life such as these.
Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
此亦為比丘戒之一分。
This, too, is part of his virtue.
2. 離貯蓄物
☆ 佛遺教經 ➾ 於四供養，知量知足，趣得供事，不應畜積。
（四十七） 196. “Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni
有某沙門、梵行者，受食信施而生活。
"Whereas some priests and contemplatives, living off food given in faith,
bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ sannidhikāra paribhogaṃ anuyuttā viharanti.
專心住於享樂貯蓄物，
are addicted to consuming stored-up goods
Seyyathidaṃ – annasannidhiṃ pānasannidhiṃ vatthasannidhiṃ yānasannidhiṃ sayanasannidhiṃ gandhasannidhiṃ āmisasannidhiṃ,
例如——食物之貯蓄、飲物之貯蓄、乘具之貯蓄、衣服之貯蓄、臥具之貯蓄、香料之貯蓄、財物之貯蓄等。
such as these -- stored-up food, stored-up drinks, stored-up clothing, stored-up vehicles, stored-up bedding, stored-up scents, and stored-up meat --
iti vā iti evarūpā sannidhikāra paribhogā paṭivirato hoti.
遠離如是享樂貯蓄物。
he abstains from consuming stored-up goods such as these.
Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.此亦為比丘戒之一分。
This, too, is part of his virtue.
3. 遠離戲樂
（四十八） 197. “Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni
有某沙門、梵行者，受食信施而生活。
"Whereas some priests and contemplatives, living off food given in faith,
bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ visūkadassanaṃ anuyuttā viharanti.
專心住於觀聽戲樂。
are addicted to watching shows
Seyyathidaṃ – naccaṃ gītaṃ vāditaṃ pekkhaṃ akkhānaṃ pāṇissaraṃ vetāḷaṃ kumbhathūṇaṃ sobhanakaṃ caṇḍālaṃ vaṃsaṃ dhovanaṃ hatthiyuddhaṃ assayuddhaṃ mahiṃsayuddhaṃ usabhayuddhaṃ ajayuddhaṃ meṇḍayuddhaṃ kukkuṭayuddhaṃ vaṭṭakayuddhaṃ daṇḍayuddhaṃ muṭṭhiyuddhaṃ nibbuddhaṃ uyyodhikaṃ balaggaṃ senābyūhaṃ anīkadassanaṃ iti vā
例如——觀劇、歌謠、舞樂、表演、古譚、手鈴、鳴缽、銅鑼、摩術奇境、賤人之竹棒戲、象、馬、水牛、牡牛、山牛、山羊、牡羊、雞鶉之鬥技、棒擊、拳鬥、角力、類比戰、利兵、配兵、閱兵等之娛樂。
such as these -- dancing, singing, instrumental music, plays, ballad recitations, hand-clapping, cymbals and drums, magic lantern scenes, acrobatic and conjuring tricks, elephant fights, horse fights, buffalo fights, bull fights, goat fights, ram fights, cock fights, quail fights; fighting with staves, boxing, wrestling, war-games, roll calls, battle arrays, and regimental reviews --
iti evarūpā visūkadassanā paṭivirato hoti.
遠離如是等巡迴演藝之娛樂物。
he abstains from watching shows such as these.
Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
此亦為比丘戒之一分。
This, too, is part of his virtue.
4. 遠離賭博
（四十九） 198. “Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni
有某沙門、梵行者，受食信施而生活。
"Whereas some priests and contemplatives, living off food given in faith,
bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ jūtappamādaṭṭhānānuyogaṃ anuyuttā viharanti.
專心耽住於賭博之放逸處。
are addicted to heedless and idle games
Seyyathidaṃ – aṭṭhapadaṃ dasapadaṃ ākāsaṃ parihārapathaṃ santikaṃ khalikaṃ ghaṭikaṃ salākahatthaṃ akkhaṃ paṅgacīraṃ vaṅkakaṃ mokkhacikaṃ ciṅgulikaṃ pattāḷhakaṃ rathakaṃ dhanukaṃ akkharikaṃ manesikaṃ yathāvajjaṃ iti vā
例如——八目棋、十目棋、無盤棋、踢石、擲骰、棒打、占手痕、拋球、葉笛、鋤戲、倒立、風車戲、升戲、車戲、弓戲、猜字、讀心術、模仿缺陷等。
such as these -- eight-row chess, ten-row chess, chess in the air, hopscotch, spillikins, dice, stick games, hand-pictures, ball-games, blowing through toy pipes, playing with toy plows, turning somersaults, playing with toy windmills, toy measures, toy chariots, toy bows, guessing letters drawn in the air, guessing thoughts, mimicking deformities --
iti evarūpā jūtappamādaṭṭhānānuyogā paṭivirato hoti.
遠離如是等之賭博放逸處。
he abstains from heedless and idle games such as these.
Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
此亦為比丘戒之一分。
This, too, is part of his virtue.
5. 離高大床
（五十） 199. “Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni
有某沙門、梵行者，受食信施而生活。
"Whereas some priests and contemplatives, living off food given in faith,
bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ anuyuttā viharanti.
專心住於享用高床、大床等。
are addicted to high and luxurious furnishings
Seyyathidaṃ – āsandiṃ pallaṅkaṃ gonakaṃ cittakaṃ paṭikaṃ paṭalikaṃ tūlikaṃ vikatikaṃ uddalomiṃ ekantalomiṃ kaṭṭissaṃ koseyyaṃ kuttakaṃ hatthattharaṃ assattharaṃ rathattharaṃ ajinappaveṇiṃ kadalimigapavarapaccattharaṇaṃ sauttaracchadaṃ ubhatolohitakūpadhānaṃ iti vā
例如——過大之床座、獸形之腳台、覆以長羊毛之織物、有文彩之白氈、繡花圖繪之床墊、於兩邊有垂緣、單側有垂緣、鏤綴寶石、絹布之被蓋、大毛氈、象覆、馬掛、車衣、羚羊皮、迦達利鹿皮之殊勝敷物、寶蓋、上下之紅枕等。
such as these -- over-sized couches, couches adorned with carved animals, long-haired coverlets, multi-colored patchwork coverlets, white woolen coverlets, woolen coverlets embroidered with flowers or animal figures, stuffed quilts, coverlets with fringe, silk coverlets embroidered with gems; large woolen carpets; elephant, horse, and chariot rugs, antelope-hide rugs, deer-hide rugs; couches with awnings, couches with red cushions for the head and feet --
iti evarūpā uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭivirato hoti.
遠離享用如是等之高床、大床。
he abstains from using high and luxurious furnishings such as these.
Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
此亦為比丘戒之一分。
This, too, is part of his virtue.
6. 遠離裝飾
☆ 佛遺教經 ➾ 汝等比丘，於諸功德，常當一心，捨諸放逸，如離怨賊。
（五十一） 200. “Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni
有某沙門、梵行者，受食信施而生活，
"Whereas some priests and contemplatives, living off food given in faith,
bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ maṇḍana vibhūsana ṭṭhānānuyogaṃ anuyuttā viharanti.
專心住於裝飾之放逸處。
are addicted to scents, cosmetics, and means of beautification
Seyyathidaṃ – ucchādanaṃ parimaddanaṃ nhāpanaṃ sambāhanaṃ ādāsaṃ añjanaṃ mālāgandhavilepanaṃ mukhacuṇṇaṃ mukhalepanaṃ hatthabandhaṃ sikhābandhaṃ daṇḍaṃ nāḷikaṃ asiṃ [khaggaṃ (sī. pī.), asiṃ khaggaṃ (syā. kaṃ.), khaggaṃ asiṃ (ka.)] chattaṃ citrupāhanaṃ uṇhīsaṃ maṇiṃ vālabījaniṃ odātāni vatthāni dīghadasāni iti vā
例如――塗身、按摩、沐浴、鏡、眼塗色料、華蔓、塗香、臉粉、面油、手環、髮飾、手杖、藥袋、刀劍、蓋傘、彩履、頭巾、寶珠、拂塵、白衣、長袖等。
such as these -- rubbing powders into the body, massaging with oils, bathing in perfumed water, kneading the limbs, using mirrors, ointments, garlands, scents, creams, face-powders, mascara, bracelets, head-bands, decorated walking sticks, ornamented water-bottles, swords, fancy sunshades, decorated sandals, turbans, gems, yak-tail whisks, long-fringed white robes --
iti evarūpā maṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānānuyogā paṭivirato hoti.
遠離如是等任何裝飾之放逸處。
he abstains from using scents, cosmetics, and means of beautification such as these.
Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
此亦為比丘戒之一分。
This, too, is part of his virtue.
7. 遠離戲論
☆ 佛遺教經 ➾ 汝等比丘，種種戲論，其心則亂，雖復出家，猶未得脫。是故比丘，當急捨離，亂心戲論。若汝欲得，寂滅樂者，唯當善滅，戲論之患，是名：『不戲論。』
（五十二） 201. “Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni
有某沙門、梵行者、受食信施而生活。
"Whereas some priests and contemplatives, living off food given in faith,
bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ tiracchāna-kathaṃ anuyuttā viharanti.
專心住於無益徒勞之論。
are addicted to talking about lowly topics
Seyyathidaṃ – rājakathaṃ corakathaṃ mahāmattakathaṃ senākathaṃ bhayakathaṃ yuddhakathaṃ annakathaṃ pānakathaṃ vatthakathaṃ sayanakathaṃ mālākathaṃ gandhakathaṃ ñātikathaṃ yānakathaṃ gāmakathaṃ nigamakathaṃ nagarakathaṃ janapadakathaṃ itthikathaṃ [itthikathaṃ purisakathaṃ kumārakathaṃ kumārikathaṃ (ka.)] sūrakathaṃ visikhākathaṃ kumbhaṭṭhānakathaṃ pubbapetakathaṃ nānattakathaṃ lokakkhāyikaṃ samuddakkhāyikaṃ itibhavābhavakathaṃ iti vā
例如——王論、盜賊論、大臣論、軍兵論、恐怖論、戰爭論、食物論、飲料論、衣服論、臥具論、華鬘論、香料論、親族論、乘具論、村裡論、鄉鎮論、都市論、國土論、婦女論、英雄論、路邊論、井邊風傳論、祖先論、種性論，世界起源論、海洋起源論、如是有無之論爭。
such as these -- talking about kings, robbers, ministers of state; armies, alarms, and battles; food and drink; clothing, furniture, garlands, and scents; relatives; vehicles; villages, towns, cities, the countryside; women and heroes; the gossip of the street and the well; tales of the dead; tales of diversity [philosophical discussions of the past and future], the creation of the world and of the sea, and talk of whether things exist or not --
iti evarūpāya tiracchāna-kathāya paṭivirato hoti.
遠離如是等無益徒勞之論。
he abstains from talking about lowly topics such as these.
Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
此亦為比丘戒之一分。
This, too, is part of his virtue.
8. 遠離諍論
（五十三） 202. “Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni
又有某沙門、梵行者，受食信施而生活。
"Whereas some priests and contemplatives, living off food given in faith,
bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ viggāhikakathaṃ anuyuttā viharanti.
專心住於諍論。
are addicted to debates
Seyyathidaṃ – na tvaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānāsi, ahaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānāmi, kiṃ tvaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānissasi, micchā paṭipanno tvamasi, ahamasmi sammā paṭipanno, sahitaṃ me, asahitaṃ te, pure vacanīyaṃ pacchā avaca, pacchā vacanīyaṃ pure avaca, adhiciṇṇaṃ te viparāvattaṃ, āropito te vādo, niggahito tvamasi, cara vādappamokkhāya, nibbeṭhehi vā sace pahosīti iti vā
例如——『汝不知此法、律、我知此法、律，汝如何知此法、律耶？』『汝是邪行者，我是正行者，』『我言[前後]相應，汝言不相應。』『汝應言於前者而言於後，應言於後者而言於前。』『汝無細慮而[自]言返複。』『汝之立論，墮於負處。』『為解汝負說而尋思，若能者即自解！』
such as these -- 'You understand this doctrine and discipline? I'm the one who understands this doctrine and discipline. How could you understand this doctrine and discipline? You're practicing wrongly. I'm practicing rightly. I'm being consistent. You're not. What should be said first you said last. What should be said last you said first. What you took so long to think out has been refuted. Your doctrine has been overthrown. You're defeated. Go and try to salvage your doctrine; extricate yourself if you can!' --
iti evarūpāya viggāhikakathāya paṭivirato hoti.
遠離如是等任何諍論。
he abstains from debates such as these.
Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
此亦為比丘戒之一分。
This, too, is part of his virtue.
9. 遠離差使
☆ 佛遺教經 ➾ 不得，參預世事、通致使命。
（五十四） 203. “Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni
有某沙門、梵行者，受食信施而生活。
"Whereas some priests and contemplatives, living off food given in faith,
bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ dūteyyapahiṇagamanānuyogaṃ anuyuttā viharanti.
專心住於差使者、傳信之行作。
are addicted to running messages and errands for people
Seyyathidaṃ – raññaṃ, rājamahāmattānaṃ, khattiyānaṃ, brāhmaṇānaṃ, gahapatikānaṃ, kumārānaṃ – ‘idha gaccha, amutrāgaccha, idaṃ hara, amutra idaṃ āharā’ti iti vā
例如――國王、大臣、剎帝利、梵行者、居士、童子令：『汝來此處、往彼處，汝來持此、持此往彼。』
such as these -- kings, ministers of state, noble warriors, priests, householders, or youths [who say], 'Go here, go there, take this there, fetch that here' --
iti evarūpā dūteyyapahiṇagamanānuyogā paṭivirato hoti.
遠離如是任何使者、傳信之行為。
he abstains from running messages and errands for people such as these.
Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
此亦為比丘戒之一分。
This, too, is part of his virtue.
10. 遠離欺瞞
☆ 佛遺教經 ➾ 汝等比丘，諂曲之心，與道相違，是故宜應，質直其心。當知諂曲，但為欺誑，入道之人，則無是處。是故汝等，宜當端心，以質直為本。
（五十五） 204. “Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni
又有某沙門、梵行者，受食信施而生活。
"Whereas some priests and contemplatives, living off food given in faith,
bhuñjitvā te kuhakā ca honti lapakā ca nemittikā ca nippesikā ca lābhena lābhaṃ nijigīṃsitāro ca.
而專心住於欺瞞、饒諛――諂媚饒舌、暗示、騙詐、利養、貪求。
engage in scheming, persuading, hinting, belittling, and pursuing gain with gain,
Iti evarūpā kuhana lapanā paṭivirato hoti.
遠離如是欺瞞、饒諛――諂媚饒舌。
he abstains from forms of scheming and persuading [improper ways of trying to gain material support from donors] such as these.
Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ”.
此亦為比丘戒之一分。
This, too, is part of his virtue.
<Majjhimasīlaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ. 戒律中篇結束>
